Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis: Early stage diagnosis, modern interpretation of pathogenesis, and prevention strategies for its development
Keywords:
Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (CRSwNP), Th2-endotype, eosinophilia, nasal endoscopy, Lund-Mackay scaleAbstract
This article details the complex etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the development of
chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis (CRSwNP) and nasal polyps (NP), including Th2-type
inflammation, cellular level changes, and the role of biofilms. Standardized scales of nasal
endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) (Lund-Mackay, Lildholdt) for detecting the disease at
clinical and subclinical stages are analyzed. The mechanisms of local glucocorticosteroids,
leukotriene receptor antagonists, and the latest innovative approach, biological therapy (monoclonal
antibodies), which play a key role in preventing polyp formation and recurrence, are considered
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