“ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOPREPARATIONS DERIVED FROM MICROORGANISMS IN THE CULTIVATION OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN SCHOOL BIOLOGY LESSONS.”
Keywords:
biopreparations, beneficial microorganisms, ornamental plantsAbstract
The growing interest in environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practices has increased the relevance of biopreparations derived from microorganisms in plant cultivation. This article analyzes the effectiveness of microbial-based biopreparations in the cultivation of ornamental plants within the framework of school biology lessons. The study aims to evaluate not only the biological impact of these biopreparations on plant growth, development, and resistance to diseases, but also their pedagogical value in enhancing students’ practical skills and ecological awareness. The research is based on experimental observations conducted during biology classes, where ornamental plants were cultivated using selected microbial biopreparations, including biofertilizers and biostimulants, and compared with traditionally cultivated plants. Quantitative and qualitative indicators such as germination rate, growth dynamics, leaf coloration, flowering intensity, and overall plant vitality were systematically analyzed. The results demonstrate that the use of microorganism-derived biopreparations significantly improves plant growth parameters and stress tolerance, while reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Moreover, integrating this topic into school biology lessons promotes students’ understanding of microbiological processes, sustainable agriculture, and the role of beneficial microorganisms in ecosystems. The study concludes that microbial biopreparations are not only effective tools for ornamental plant cultivation but also valuable educational resources for developing scientific thinking, environmental responsibility, and practical competence among school students.
References
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF–5847. On the approval of the Strategy for the development of agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020–2030. Tashkent, 2019.
2. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ–4575. On measures to improve the system of environmental education and upbringing. Tashkent, 2020.
3. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF–6099. On the approval of the Concept for environmental protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030. Tashkent, 2020.
4. Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan. State educational standard for general secondary education (Biology). Tashkent, 2021.
5. Abdukarimov, A. A. Fundamentals of microbiology and biotechnology. Tashkent: Science and Technology Publishing House, 2018.
6. Karimov, S. B., & Rakhmonov, D. T. Plant physiology and microbiological processes. Tashkent: Teacher Publishing House, 2019.
7. Usmonova, M. K. Methods of teaching biology in secondary schools. Tashkent: Navruz Publishing House, 2020.
8. Khudoyberdiyev, J. J. Ecological education and sustainable development. Tashkent: University Press, 2021.
9. Saidova, N. R. Biological methods in plant cultivation. Tashkent: Akademnashr, 2017.
10. Yuldashev, F. M. Innovative approaches in natural science education. Tashkent: Fan Publishing House, 2022.
11. Vessey, J. K. (2003). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant and Soil, 255(2), 571–586.
12. Bashan, Y., & de-Bashan, L. E. (2010). How the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum promotes plant growth. Advances in Agronomy, 108, 77–136.
13. Lugtenberg, B., & Kamilova, F. (2009). Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Annual Review of Microbiology, 63, 541–556.
14. Bhattacharyya, P. N., & Jha, D. K. (2012). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 28(4), 1327–1350.
15. Lucy, M., Reed, E., & Glick, B. R. (2004). Applications of free-living plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 86(1), 1–25.
16. Malusá, E., & Vassilev, N. (2014). A contribution to set a legal framework for biofertilizers. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 98, 6599–6607.
17. Calvo, P., Nelson, L., & Kloepper, J. W. (2014). Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants. Plant and Soil, 383(1–2), 3–41.
18. Sharma, A., et al. (2016). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Microbiological Research, 183, 1–14.
19. Backer, R., et al. (2018). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1473.
20. Adesemoye, A. O., & Kloepper, J. W. (2009). Plant–microbes interactions in enhanced fertilizer-use efficiency. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 85(1), 1–12.
21. Gupta, G., et al. (2015). Role of microorganisms in sustainable agriculture. Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology, 3(5), 1–6.
22. Dobbelaere, S., Vanderleyden, J., & Okon, Y. (2003). Plant growth-promoting effects of diazotrophs. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22(2), 107–149.
23. Barea, J. M., Pozo, M. J., Azcón, R., & Azcón-Aguilar, C. (2005). Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany, 56(417), 1761–1778.
24. Tilak, K. V. B. R., et al. (2005). Diversity of plant growth and soil health supporting bacteria. Current Science, 89(1), 136–150.
25. Glick, B. R. (2012). Plant growth-promoting bacteria. Scientifica, 2012, Article ID 963401.
