IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN REPRODUCTIVE-AGED WOMEN AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH GYNECOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Keywords:
iron deficiency anemia, reproductive age, gynecologyAbstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains one of the most prevalent nutritional and hematological disorders worldwide, particularly among women of reproductive age. This population is uniquely vulnerable due to physiological demands such as menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation. Moreover, various gynecological conditions—including abnormal uterine bleeding, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome—significantly contribute to iron loss and impaired iron metabolism. This article aims to explore the prevalence of IDA in reproductive-aged women and its relationship with gynecological disorders. A comprehensive review of clinical and epidemiological data is presented, highlighting diagnostic approaches, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management strategies. The findings emphasize the importance of early detection and integrated gynecological and hematological care.
References
1. World Health Organization (2021). Global Anaemia Estimates. WHO Database.
2. Camaschella, C. (2015). Iron-deficiency anemia. New England Journal of Medicine. (Indexed: PubMed, Scopus)
3. Munro MG et al. (2018). The FIGO classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. (Scopus indexed)
4. Fraser IS et al. (2015). AUB guidelines. Fertility and Sterility. (PubMed indexed)
5. Bulun SE. (2019). Endometriosis. New England Journal of Medicine.
6. De Sanctis V et al. (2017). Iron deficiency in gynecology. Acta Bio Medica.
7. Peuranpää P et al. (2014). Heavy menstrual bleeding and anemia. Human Reproduction.
8. NICE Guidelines (2020). Heavy menstrual bleeding management. (UK database)
9. ACOG (2021). Practice Bulletin on anemia. (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists)
10. Short MW, Domagalski JE. (2013). Iron deficiency anemia: evaluation and management. American Family Physician
