SEPSIS AND SURGICAL INFECTIONS MANAGEMENT: MODERN CLINICAL APPROACHES

Abstract

Sepsis and surgical infections remain among the most serious problems in modern medicine because they can rapidly lead to organ dysfunction, septic shock, disability, prolonged hospitalization, and death. Surgical infections include postoperative wound infections, intra-abdominal infections, soft tissue infections, implant-associated infections, diabetic foot infections, and purulent-septic complications after trauma or surgery. The modern management of sepsis is based on early recognition, rapid assessment, timely antimicrobial therapy, source control, hemodynamic stabilization, microbiological diagnosis, infection prevention, and multidisciplinary care. According to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2021 guidelines, antimicrobials should be administered immediately, ideally within 1 hour, in patients with septic shock or high likelihood of sepsis. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that at least 350,000 adults and more than 1,800 children who develop sepsis die during hospitalization or are discharged to hospice. For Uzbekistan, the problem is also relevant due to postoperative purulent-septic complications, trauma, diabetes-related infections, antimicrobial resistance, and the need to strengthen microbiological diagnostics in regional hospitals. The Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan maintains official clinical guideline resources, which are important for standardizing diagnosis and treatment