DETERMINATION OF SURFACE TENSION COEFFICIENT BY THE DROP DETACHMENT METHOD

Abstract

This scientific article presents a comprehensive study of the determination of the surface tension coefficient using the drop detachment (stalagmometric) method. Surface tension is a fundamental physical property of liquids arising from intermolecular forces, and it plays a crucial role in both physical and biological systems. The study focuses on the theoretical principles underlying surface tension and provides an analytical description of the drop formation and detachment process.

The drop detachment method is based on the balance between gravitational forces and surface tension forces acting on a liquid droplet at the moment of separation. By analyzing the mass or volume of detached drops, the surface tension coefficient can be determined with high accuracy. This method is widely used in laboratory practice due to its simplicity and reliability.

The results demonstrate that surface tension is highly sensitive to factors such as temperature, liquid composition, and the presence of impurities. In biological systems, surface tension plays a vital role in processes such as pulmonary function, where it influences alveolar stability. According to the World Health Organization, disorders related to surface tension, particularly in lung physiology, are associated with significant morbidity, especially in neonates.

The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding of surface tension phenomena and highlight the importance of accurate measurement techniques in both physical sciences and biomedical applications.