POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME, ENDOSCOPIC GYNECOLOGIC METHODS AND HORMONAL DIAGNOSIS OF INFERTILITY: AN INTERNATIONAL IMRAD REVIEW
Keywords:
polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility, hormonal diagnosis, laparoscopy, hysteroscopyAbstract
Background: PCOS and infertility are common reproductive-health problems with endocrine,
metabolic and psychosocial consequences. Objective: This article reviews PCOS, endoscopic
gynecologic investigation and hormonal diagnosis of infertility. Methods: A narrative review was
performed using WHO fact sheets and international evidence on reproductive disorders. Results:
PCOS affects about 10-13% of women globally and is frequently undiagnosed; infertility affects
about 17.5% of adults during their lifetime. Hormonal assessment and endoscopic methods answer
different diagnostic questions. Discussion: The main clinical risk is fragmented evaluation that
treats hormones, anatomy and patient goals separately. Conclusion: Infertility assessment should
integrate ovulation, tubal-uterine anatomy, metabolic risk and individualized counseling
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