THE ROLE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY IN MEDICINE: MODERN CLINICAL RELEVANCE AND INNOVATIVE DIRECTIONS
Keywords:
organic chemistry, medicine, medicinal chemistry, drug discovery, stereochemistryAbstract
Organic chemistry is one of the fundamental scientific bases of modern medicine because most therapeutic agents, diagnostic probes, antiseptics, anesthetics, vitamins, hormones, and many biomaterials are organic compounds or are designed through organic-chemical principles. The relevance of this topic has increased in recent years because medicine now requires safer drugs, targeted delivery systems, rapid diagnostics, antimicrobial innovation, and personalized pharmacotherapy. The World Health Organization lists hundreds of essential medicines, and many of them are small organic molecules or organic-derived therapeutic agents used in daily clinical practice [1]. At the same time, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved 50 novel drugs in 2024, showing that chemical innovation remains a major driver of medical progress [2]. This article analyzes the role of organic chemistry in medicine through a narrative review of scientific and regulatory sources. The article focuses on drug discovery, structure-activity relationships, stereochemistry, pharmacokinetics, formulation, antimicrobial resistance, and precision medicine. The findings show that organic chemistry is not an isolated theoretical discipline; it is a practical language through which disease mechanisms are translated into molecular solutions. The article concludes that medical education should strengthen the integration of organic chemistry with pharmacology, biochemistry, toxicology, and clinical thinking.
References
1. World Health Organization. Essential medicines. WHO Fact Sheet. 2026. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/essential-medicines
2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Novel Drug Approvals for 2024. FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. 2025. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/novel-drug-approvals-fda/novel-drug-approvals-2024
3. MacCoss M., Baillie T.A. Organic Chemistry in Drug Discovery. Science. 2004;303(5665):1810-1813.
4. Southey M.W.Y., et al. Introduction to small molecule drug discovery and preclinical development. Frontiers in Drug Discovery. 2023;3:1314077.
5. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Development of New Stereoisomeric Drugs: Guidance for Industry. FDA. 1992. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/development-new-stereoisomeric-drugs
6. McVicker R.U., et al. Chirality of New Drug Approvals (2013-2022): Trends and Perspectives. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2024.
7. World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance. WHO Fact Sheet. 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antimicrobial-resistance
8. World Health Organization. Global antibiotic resistance surveillance report 2025. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025.
9. European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute. ChEMBL: bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. Available from: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/
10. Niazi S.K. Artificial Intelligence in Small-Molecule Drug Discovery. 2025. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12472608/
11. Nomozov, A. K., Ch, E. S., Jumaeva, Z. E., Todjiev, J. N., Eshkoraev, S. S., & Umirqulova, F. A. (2024). Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Salsola oppositifolia Extract as a Novel Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in 3% NaCl. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 72(9), 312-320.
12. Munira, X., Samariddin, E., Hilola, A., Jahongir, A., Murodjon, J. R., & Shahzoda, M. (2024). THE PROCESS OF CRUSHING AND MIXING SYLVINITE ORES. Universum: технические науки, 10(12 (129)), 32-37.
13. O‘G‘Li, E. S. S., & Axmedov, O. (2024). MAHALLIY XOMASHYOLAR ASOSIDA POLIFOSFATLI FILTRLAR OLISH VA OQOVA SUVLARNI TOZALASHDA QO ‘LLASH. Строительство и образование, 3(4), 140-147.
14. Eshkoraev, S. (2024). REVOLUTIONIZING EDUCATION: HARNESSING INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY. Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology, 4(3), 69-81.
15. Nomozov, A., Beknazarov, K., & Eshkoraev, S. (2024). SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF CORROSION INHIBITOR IKMM-1 ST20 STEEL IN 1 M HCl SOLUTION. Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology, 4(2), 179-192.
16. Abdulhamidova, H., Eshkoraev, S., & Javgashev, Y. (2022). TECHNOLOGY OF SILICATE BRICK PRODUCTION. Solution of social problems in management and economy, 1(4), 8-11.
17. Абдулхамидова, Х., & Эшкораев, С. (2022). НОВЫЕ ЦЕМЕНТНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ. Theoretical aspects in the formation of pedagogical sciences, 1(4), 28-31
18. Davronovna, K. M., Sadriddinovich, E. S., Ismatullayevich, R. Z. B., & Yigitali Jo'ra o'g, J. (2022). Dependence of Karst Processes on Physico-Chemical Properties of Salts. American Journal of Social and Humanitarian Research, 3(9), 25-28.
19. Shaymanova, R. S., & Urazov, M. K. (2022). Improvement of drilling fluid for construction of wells. Multidisciplinary J. Sci. Technol, 2(2), 12-14.
20. Choriyeva, M. S., & Eshkoraev, S. S. (2022). The interaction of energy with climate change. ISJ Theor. Appl. Sci, 4(108), 60-63.
21. Шайманова, Р., & Шайманова, Н. (2023). Виды клея, используемые при производстве ДСП. Research Focus, 2(1), 210-213.
22. Sadriddin o’g’li, E. S., Soatmurodovna, S. R. N., & Soatmurod o’g’li, A. A. IONITLAR (SORBENTLAR) YORDAMIDA ERITMADAN OLTINNI SORBSIYALASH USULIDA AJRATIB OLISH.
23. Eshqorayev, S., Abdulhamidova, H., & Abdulhamidov, J. (2022). SEMENT KLINKER TO'PLAMLARINI ISHLAB CHIQARISH: CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-SO3-CaCl2-MgO. Eurasian Journal of Academic Research, 2(12), 955-958.
24. Eshqorayev, S. S., & Ro’zimurodov, B. I. (2022). АHOLI YASHASH XONADONLARIDA IS GAZIDAN HIMOYALOVCHI FILTRLAR TAYYORLASH. Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences, 2(6), 209-212.
25. Eshqorayev, S. S., Ro'zimurodov, B. I., & Choriyeva, M. S. (2022). YOSHLARNI ILM-FAN VA INNOVATSIYALARGA QIZIQTIRISHNING NOAN'ANAVIY USULI. Eurasian Journal of Academic Research, 2(6), 308-310.
26. Eshkoraev, S., Abdulhamidova, H., & Javgashev, Y. (2022). INGREDIENT OF PORTLAND CEMENT. International Bulletin of Applied Science and Technology, 2(9), 21-23.
27. Xaydarova, M. D., Eshqorayev, S. S., & Ro’Zimurodov, B. I. (2022). Kaliy ma’danlarining dunyo bo’yicha uchrashi. Science and Education, 3(6), 149-151.
28. Uralov, N. B., Turaev, H. K., Eshkarayev, S. C., & Eshqorayev, S. S. (2021). Analysis of graphene properties, production and application. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 11 (103), 726-728.
29. Akhatov, A. A., Eshkaraev, S. C., Normurodova, K. D., & Eshkoraev, S. S. (2021). Study of the influence of graphene nanofillers on the properties of composites based on polypropylene. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 10 (102), 816-818.
30. Эшкараев, С. Ч., Тураев, Х. Х., & Бабамуратов, Б. Э. (2021). РАДИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА РАДИОНУКЛИДОВ В ПОЧВАХ ЮЖНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ УЗБЕКИСТАН. In ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ (pp. 290-319).
31. Эшкараев, С. Ч., Тураев, Х. Х., & Эшкораев, С. С. (2021). ВЛИЯНИЕ ГЕКСАХЛОРЦИКЛОГЕКСАНА НА ПОВЫШЕНИЕ РАДИОАКТИВНОСТИ В ПОЧВАХ СУРХАНДАРЬИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ УЗБЕКИСТАН. In СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ФИЗИКА НА СТЫКЕ ФИЗИКИ, ХИМИИ И БИОЛОГИИ (pp. 399-400).
32. М.Ж. Абдуллаева. (2025). ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ НЕЙРОПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УПРАЖНЕНИЙ В ЛОГОКОРРЕКЦИОННОЙ РАБОТЕ С ДЕТЬМИ С РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ АУТИСТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА. ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ И НАУКА В XXI ВЕКЕ, 64-1 (том 2). https://mpcareer-google.ru/index.php/journal/article/view/2939
33. Ж.А. Бекманова, & М.Ж. Абдуллаева (2025). НОВЫЕ ВЕКТОРЫ В РАБОТЕ С ДЕТЬМИ С РАССТРОЙСТВАМИ АУТИСТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА. Inter education & global study, 3 (6), 472-480.
34. М.Ж. Абдуллаева, & Ж.А. Бекманова (2025). ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ДЕФЕКТОЛОГИИ ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С АУТИЗМОМ. Inter education & global study, 3 (4 (1)), 327-333.
35. Ж.А. Бекманова, & М.А. Сапарбаева (2025). ИГРОВЫЕ МЕТОДЫ НЕЙРОМОТОРНОЙ КОРРЕКЦИИ. Inter education & global study, 3 (6), 481-491.
36. Абдуллаева, М. Ж., & Бекманова, Ж. А. (2024). Методики арт-терапии в логопедической работе с детьми с задержкой речевого развития. Научный редактор, 4.
37. Абдуллаева, М. Ж., & Бекманова, Ж. А. (2024). ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АРТ-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ЛОГОПЕДИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ ДЛЯ ДЕТЕЙ С АУТИЗМОМ. IN SITU, (7), 65-67.
38. Лялина, О. А., & Абдуллаева, М. Ж. (2022). МЕТОД СОЗДАНИЯ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ЭРГОНОМИЧНОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА НА ОСНОВЕ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ. In XI Конгресс молодых ученых (pp. 393-400).
39. Абдуллаева, М. Ж., & Лялина, О. А. (2022). ОСОБЕННОСТИ МАРКЕТИНГОВОГО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ И ПРОДВИЖЕНИЯ АРТ-ПРОСТРАНСТВ НА РАЗНЫХ ЭТАПАХ ИХ ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА. In XI Конгресс молодых ученых (pp. 106-109).
